3.11.2010

The Two Roads

It was New Year's Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse.

The days of his youth appeared like dreams before

 him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads-one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs;the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless.

He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, ″O youth, return!O my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I'll choose the better way!″But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.

The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents' early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: ″Come back, my early days!Come back!″

And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year's Night.

Those who still linger on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: ″O youth, return!Oh give me back my early days!″

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3.10.2010

如何提高英语听力技巧?

英语学习中,应努力提高听力。这样可以借助听觉,大量、快速地复习学过的单词和词组, 并在此基础上扩大知识面,更多地掌握同一词 的不同用法,提高阅读速度与理解能力。下面,笔者根据自己近两年的实践,与英语自学者谈谈在提高听力方面的点滴体会。

第一,自身准确的发音。自身准确地道的英语发音不能让你在听力上面无往不利,但是不准确不地道的发音绝对不能有效的解决听力问题。而准确地道的发音往往又得之于在听力中纠正自己的发音。两者是互相进行的。

第二,阅读应与听力练习同时,同比重的进行。很多人为提高听力把所有时间都集中在听力材料的练习上。我肯定的说,这是个错误。我们不是生活在国外,你无论怎样营造,都不能有一个真正的外国的文化氛围在你身边,这一个已经可以说明只注重单一的听力练习是错误的。其次,听力练习中,你接触到多少信息呢?这个信息包括词汇、语法、习惯用法、文化等等在接触材料时能够遇到的所有东西。我敢说你听十盒磁带不及我读一本原著的信息量。如果别人的说话内容超出了你那听得滚瓜烂熟的磁带内容,你是否有信心听懂?这可是十分自然的事情,你自己日常的说话内容,是否可以用十盒磁带来装得下来。只要你发音正确,你在阅读时接触到的词,如果让你在听的时候遇到,很多都有可能听懂。倘若你的听力目标是想听什么就能听懂什么的话,阅读起到的作用更是举足轻重。同时,如果你连在阅读中都无法读懂的句子,你在听力中能够听懂吗?我想来个总结:词汇量和语法是阅读的关键,阅读量的多少以及阅读能力的好坏决定听说能力的高低,而我们学习语言,又必须从听说开始。

第三,VOA Special English是很好的听力材料,但是你已经听够了,给点信心自己,听一些外国人正常语速的东西。你不可能要求外国人用Special English的语速说话给你听。事实上Special English和正常的说话之间的差别并不是大家想的那么小,而语速对听力的影响更不是想象中那么微弱,往往是起了决定性的影响的。因为正常语速跟慢速之间不同的地方实在太多,譬如连读、省略、轻读、模糊等等,这些都是影响听懂与否的关键要素。Special English里全是完整的句子,可是实际上正常的说话表达才不需要那么正儿八经呢?你是否有信心听懂?况且Special English里更遇不到丰富的词汇,复杂的结构。听了几个月或半年的特别英语,别想自己还是特别的了,听听正常的东西吧。但是,我还认为,VOA Special English应该不间断的听,只是不能把重点放在上面了。因为VOA Special English不但是入门英语中不可多得的听力材料,也是纠正发音的绝佳材料。无论你英语学习到达了什么程度,我到希望你能够不断听Special English

第四,专心听懂一盒磁带比你囫囵吞枣的听了十盒磁带的效果要好得多。我们记忆单词平时是用眼看心记,虽然你是认识了这个单词,但很可能你还是听不懂这个单词,听力练习时是用耳朵对单词的再熟悉。精听了一盒磁带你用耳朵记忆了这盒磁带里所有的单词和句子、发音、语调等等。泛听十盒磁带,你记不了多少东西的。

第五,精听的同时,泛听十分重要。好像跟上面自相矛盾的样子。请听我解释。泛听有精听得不到的东西,我说的却不是很多人认为在泛听中得到的信息量。其实泛听听懂的实在不多,哪来什么信息量?泛听中我想强调的是:语速、语调。让你习惯正常的语速。我们在精听时都是不断反复听同一句话的,可是实际上别人只会说一次给你听。请在泛听中让自己习惯别人用正常语速,只说一次的情况。你不会要求预报天气的说一句后又重复一次吧。

第六,如何精听?我不赞成无论听什么都在听懂了后再根据录音默写一遍。至少不赞成听每一篇听力材料都听写。原因之一是听力有时候更多注重 ""。你没有听过的东西即使是汉语你也大概不会懂吧。我的建议是:挑选认为典型的材料再听写。那么精听要精到什么程度呢?听一句复述一句,或者就跟着录音一起读。(当然是不能看着文本啦。)这样效果不比听写查,所费时间要省得多。

第七,如何泛听?看电影是泛听。听实时广播是泛听,看电视是泛听,尽可能接触更多正常的原始音频。你可以反反复复听同一盒磁带,直到兴味索然。只要不停顿就是泛听。泛听过程中,你也可以将录音就转为精听。并没有严格的界限。只是要记得,泛听的目的是让自己习惯正常的语速,或者说,习惯外国人的正常的交流是怎样的。关注的是语速、连读、略音等等只有连续说话才会有的东西。

第八,别理会什么听力技巧。那些技巧只能在考试时帮你的忙。以前读高中的时候,老师教了许多的阅读技巧,说看文章可以找主题句,主题句可以找关键词,单词不懂可以猜。这些阅读技巧在考试时大概有用吧,至少我没有用过。因为我的词汇量大,语感好,别人还没有找到主题句我已经读完整篇文章了。你相信整篇文章还是相信仅仅一句主题句?在阅读原著时,这些技巧更加一点作用也没有。又如听力技巧,听关键词,遇到不懂的单词先别理会,继续听可能就明白了它的意思了。我们中国人说话有没有听关键词的?如果你在口译中只听关键词,你胆敢就此口译出来?只听关键词你能够弄懂一部电影中多少东西?更重要的是,在正常的语速当中,你能够找到多少个关键词?你还有时间回头想刚才没有听出来的那个单词?恐怕你早就忘了。

第九,关注一下常用的单词。外国人说话不是每一句都用你不懂的单词说的。你听不懂的往往就是最常用的,而且是你已经掌握了的单词。只是它们在常速、连读、略音下使你以为是生词而已。相信大家已经深有体会了。那些是常用的单词?在听力中譬如 havegoyouwherewhenhimthem等等就是(当然还有其他啦)。在这里,VOA Special English有好与不好的地方。它能让你清楚这些常用单词的发音,它不能让你知道正常的交际中这些单词怎样发音。

英语学习是终身的事情,听力练习也是一样。别想着我强化练习半年,终于听懂手头上几十盒磁带了,以后再也不会遇到问题了。几十盒磁带以外的东西你是否能够听懂?信息瞬息万变,

今天的新闻你听懂,明天的你也十拿九稳听懂?我自己不敢说。

别急,听不懂是很自然的事情。不是你的错,不是别人比你聪明,只是别人练习得比你多而已。慢慢练习,把自己融入英语的世界里,随着时间的流逝,你会看到成绩的。

From: http://www.hjenglish.com/new/p98991/

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Puppies for sale

A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell. He painted a sign advertising the pups and set about nailing it to a post on the edge of his yard. As he was driving the last nail into the post, he felt a tug on his overalls. He looked down into the eyes of a little boy.

"Mister," he said, "I want to buy one of your puppies."

"Well," said the farmer, as he rubbed the sweat off the back of his neck, "these puppies come from fine parents and cost a good deal of money."

The boy dropped his head for a moment. Then reaching deep into his pocket, he pulled out a handful of change and held it up to the farmer. "I've got thirty-nine cents. Is that enough to take a look?"

"Sure," said the farmer.

And with that he let out a whistle, "Here, Dolly!" he called.

Out from the doghouse and down the ramp ran Dolly followed by four little balls of fur. The little boy pressed his face against the chain link fence. His eyes danced with delight.

As the dogs made their way to the fence, the little boy noticed something else stirring inside the doghouse. Slowly another little ball appeared; this One noticeably smaller. Down the ramp it slid. Then in a somewhat awkward manner the little pup began hobbling toward the others, doing its best to catch up...

"I want that one," the little boy said, pointing to the runt.

The farmer knelt down at the boy's side and said, "Son, you don't want that puppy. He will never be able to run and play with you like these other dogs would."

With that the little boy stepped back from the fence, reached down, and began rolling up one leg of his trousers. In doing so he revealed a steel brace running down both sides of his leg attaching itself to a specially made shoe. Looking back up at the farmer, he said, "You see sir, I don't run too well myself, and he will need someone who understands."

The world is full of people who need someone who understands.

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3.09.2010

Growing roots

When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor named Dr. Gibbs. He didn't look like any doctor I'd ever known. He never yelled at us for playing in his yard. I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than circumstances warranted.

When Dr. Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees. His house sat on ten acres, and his life's goal was to make it a forest.

The good doctor had some interesting theories concerning plant husbandry. He came from the "No pain, no gain" school of horticulture. He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional wisdom. Once I asked why. He said that watering plants spoiled them, and that if you water them, each successive tree generation will grow weaker and weaker. So you have to make things rough for them and weed out the weenie trees early on.

He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren't watered had to grow deep roots in search of moisture. I took him to mean that deep roots were to be treasured.

So he never watered his trees. He'd plant an oak and, instead of watering it every morning, he'd beat it with a rolled-up newspaper. Smack! Slap! Pow! I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree's attention.

Dr. Gibbs went to glory a couple of years after I left home. Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some twenty-five years ago. They're granite strong now. Big and robust. Those trees wake up in the morning and beat their chests and drink their coffee black.

I planted a couple of trees a few years back. Carried water to them for a solid summer. Sprayed them. Prayed over them. The whole nine yards. Two years of coddling has resulted in trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot. Whenever a cold wind blows in, they tremble and chatter their branches. Sissy trees.

Funny things about those trees of Dr. Gibbs'. Adversity and deprivation seemed to benefit them in ways comfort and ease never could.

Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I stand over them and watch their little bodies, the rising and falling of life within. I often pray for them. Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy. But lately I've been thinking that it's time to change my prayer.

This change has to do with the inevitability of cold winds that hit us at the core. I know my children are going to encounter hardship, and I'm praying they won't be naive. There's always a cold wind blowing somewhere.

So I'm changing my prayer. Because life is tough, whether we want it to be or not. Too many times we pray for ease, but that's a prayer seldom met. What we need to do is pray for roots that reach deep into the Eternal, so when the rains fall and the winds blow, we won't be swept asunder.

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3.08.2010

Love and Time

Once upon a time, there was an island where all the feelings lived: Happiness, Sadness, Knowledge, and all of the others, including Love. One day it was announced to the feelings that the island would sink, so all constructed boats and left. Except for Love.

Love was the only one who stayed. Love wanted to hold out until the last possible moment.

When the island had almost sunk, Love decided to ask for help.

Richness was passing by Love in a grand boat. Love said,

"Richness, can you take me with you?"

Richness answered, "No, I can't. There is a lot of gold and silver in my boat. There is no place here for you."

Love decided to ask Vanity who was also passing by in a beautiful vessel. "Vanity, please help me!"

"I can't help you, Love. You are all wet and might damage my boat," Vanity answered.

Sadness was close by so Love asked, "Sadness, let me go with you."

"Oh . . . Love, I am so sad that I need to be by myself!"

Happiness passed by Love, too, but she was so happy that she did not even hear when Love called her.

Suddenly, there was a voice, "Come, Love, I will take you." It was an elder. So blessed and overjoyed, Love even forgot to ask the elder where they were going. When they arrived at dry land, the elder went her own way. Realizing how much was owed the elder, Love asked Knowledge, another elder, "Who Helped me?"

"It was Time," Knowledge answered.

"Time?" asked Love. "But why did Time help me?"

Knowledge smiled with deep wisdom and answered, "Because only Time is capable of understanding how valuable Love is."

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3.05.2010

What will matter?

Ready or not, some day it will all come to an end. There will be no more sunrises, no days, no hours or minutes. All the things you collected, whether treasured or forgotten, will pass to someone else.

Your wealth, fame and temporal power will shrivel to irrelevance. It will not matter what you owned or what you were owed.

Your grudges, resentments, frustrations, and jealousies will finally disappear.

What will matter?人生的意义

So, too, your hopes, ambitions, plans, and to-do lists will all expire. The wins and losses that once seemed so important will fade away.

It won't matter where you came from, or on what side of the tracks you lived.

It won't matter whether you were beautiful or brilliant. Your gender, skin color, ethnicity will be irrelevant.

So what will matter? How will the value of your days be measured?

What will matter is not what you bought, but what you built; not what you got, but what you gave.

What will matter is not your success, but your significance.

What will matter is not what you learned, but what you taught.

What will matter is every act of integrity, compassion, courage and sacrifice that enriched, empowered or encouraged others to emulate your example.

What will matter is not your competence, but your character.

What will matter is not how many people you knew, but how many will feel a lasting loss when you're gone.

What will matter is not your memories, but the memories of those who loved you.

What will matter is how long you will be remembered, by whom and for what.

Living a life that matters doesn't happen by accident.

It's not a matter of circumstance but of choice.

Choose to live a life that matters.

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3.04.2010

How to improve your listening english

Teaching listening skills is one of the most difficult tasks for any ESL teacher. This is because successful listening skills are acquired over time and with lots of practice. It's frustrating for students because there are no rules as in grammar teaching. Speaking and writing also have very specific exercises that can lead to improved skills. This is not to say that there are not ways of improving listening skills, however they are difficult to quantify.

每个外语老师都会觉得听力是最难教的课程之一。这是因为,好听力不是一日练就的,它需要大量的实践练习。不像语法教学有规律可循,说与写作也有相应的练习供学生提高,而听力却不然,这令学生们感到很头疼。并不是说就没有好的途径去提高听力,只是难以对其进行量化而已。

One of the largest inhibitors for students is often mental block. While listening, a student suddenly decides that he or she doesn't understand what is being said. At this point, many students just tune out or get caught up in an internal dialogue trying translate a specific word. Some students convince themselves that they are not able to understand spoken English well and create problems for themselves.

对学生们来说,练习听力时遇到的最大的障碍之一就是他们经常精神溜号。听着听着,有的学生突然发觉自己听不懂了。出现这种情况,许多学生是因为走神了,或者正在脑子想着某个词的意思。有些学生太不自信,认为自己没有听力天赋,听不懂英语口语。这也给他们自己造成了很多麻烦。

They key to helping students improve their listening skills is to convince them that not understanding is OK. This is more of an attitude adjustment than anything else, and it is easier for some students to accept than others. Another important point that I try to teach my students (with differing amounts of success) is that they need to listen to English as often as possible, but for short periods of time.
帮助学生们提高听力的关键是要让他们相信,听不懂是没什么的。态度上的转变比什么都重要。何况,一些学生的态度也比较容易转变。我在教我的学生(资质各不相同)时发现,还有一点很重要,那就是要让学生尽量多听英语,但每次听不要时间过长。

I like to use this analogy: Imagine you want to get in shape. You decide to begin jogging. The very first day you go out and jog seven miles. If you are lucky, you might even be able to jog the seven miles. However, chances are good that you will not soon go out jogging again. Fitness trainers have taught us that we must begin with little steps. Begin jogging short distances and walk some as well, over time you can build up the distance. Using this approach, you'll be much more likely to continue jogging and get fit.

我喜欢这样类比:假如你想减肥。你打算去慢跑。第一天你出去跑了7英里。没准儿你还真能跑7英里。但是,你很可能近期就不再出去跑了。健美教练提醒我们,我们一开始要小步跑,跑的距离不宜过长,并走着回来。这样,你继续慢跑并变得健康的可能性就会更大。

Students need to apply the same approach to listening skills. Encourage them to get a film, or listen to an English radio station, but not to watch an entire film or listen for two hours. Students should often listen, but they should listen for short periods - five to ten minutes. This should happen four or five times a week. Even if they don't understand anything, five to ten minutes is a minor investement. However, for this strategy to work, students must not expect improved understanding too quickly. The brain is capable of amazing things if given time, students must have the patience to wait for results. If a student continues this exercise over two to three months their listening comprehension skills will greatly improve.

对于练习听力,学生们也需采用同样的方法。要鼓励他们去看个电影或者收听英语广播。但是,不要让他们看一整部电影或者听广播听上2个小时。他们需要常听,但每次听的时间不宜过长,以5到10分钟为宜。每周听4、5次。就算他们什么都听不懂,5到10分钟的时间也不会影响到他们什么。但是,这种方法若想奏效,决不能让学生们急于求成。如果多给些时间,大脑是可以创造奇迹的。学生们一定要有耐心去等待。如果一个学生能坚持这种训练方法2到3个月,那他的听力肯定会有很大的提高。
 

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